Friday, May 21, 2010
VM World 2009 - Glimpse of EMC Ionix Data Center Insight (DCI)
EMC Unveils Ionix Data Center Insight Laying Foundation for Unified IT Configuration Visibility Across the Data Center.
nix Data Center Insight is a key piece of EMC's newly announced Ionix IT management suite — powerful solutions for automating IT management across a unified infrastructure of storage, server, network and virtualization resources. With Ionix, customers can confidently move from physical to virtual to cloud computing — maximizing the value of their new enterprise IT architecture.
With Ionix Data Center Insight, customers can quickly and easily:
Automatically populate both EMC and third-party CMDBs with best-practices configuration items (CIs) and allows customization to define customer-specific CIs
Build a single, reconciled view of the truth about the IT environment
Visualize application and service dependencies across the data center — including applications, servers, networks, storage — both physical and virtual
Leverage the solution as a critical component of a federated and modular CMS to achieve a single, accurate and current view of the IT environment, so those responsible for configuration management can understand — across multiple domains — the resources underpinning business services
Architected to support heterogeneous, third party data sources, Ionix Data Center Insight initially supports discovery from a wide variety of EMC Ionix data sources. Ionix Data Center Insight automates the integration of these discovery sources and populates best-practices-based configuration information into the leading CMDBs such as EMC Ionix Service Manager CMDB. Additionally, Data Center Insight provides a web services visualization layer that enables cross-domain dependency mapping with search functions — spanning applications, servers, networks and storage — physical and virtual
Saturday, May 8, 2010
How to connect to an ESX host using a SSH Client
How to connect to an ESX host using a SSH Client
For more information and context, continue reading Connecting to an ESX host using a SSH client
Friday, April 23, 2010
Hitachi Data Systems has released a free eBook on Storage Virtualization..
Hitachi Data Systems has released a free eBook on Storage Virtualization..
Click on below link to download eBook..
http://www.hds.com/go/dummies/index.html?WT.ac=us_hp_sp1r1
VMware has released the vSphere 4.0 Hardening Guide
vSphere Hardening Guide provides guidance on how to securely deploy vSphere 4.0 in a production environment. The focus is on initial configuration of the virtualization infrastructure layer, which covers the following:
•The virtualization hosts (both ESX and ESXi)
•Configuration of the virtual machine container (NOT hardening of the guest OS or any applications running within)
•Configuration of the virtual networking infrastructure, including the management and storage networks as well as the virtual switch (but NOT security of the virtual machine’s network)
•vCenter Server, its database, and client components
•VMware Update Manager (included because the regular update and patching of the ESX/ESXi hosts and the virtual machine containers is essential to maintaining the security of the environment)
http://communities.vmware.com/docs/DOC-12306
Thursday, April 15, 2010
VMware KB video showing patching of ESX Host. vSphere 4 Update Manager in action.
The GUI interface seems to be difficult to understand, but hopefully with this video you’ll be able to find your way around. A terms like schedule patches definitions download, baselines, remediation, ESX hosts, scan of ESX host, maintenance mode will be shown. It’s an easy step-by-step video you can follow if you’re new to VMware and managing Virtual Infrastructure with VMware vSphere 4.
Popout
This video details installing patches or updates to your VMware ESX host using VMware vCenter Update Manager. This video was created using ESX 4.0 and Update Manager 4.0. The same basic steps apply to other versions of ESX. This video also shows you how to determine how often your host checks for patches or updates, where to schedule the task, and how to run the task manually.Source: VMware KB
How to maintain a the same MAC address all the time within your vSphere 4 installation.
If you want to guarantee that the same MAC address is assigned to a given virtual machine every time, even if the virtual machine is moved, or if you want to guarantee a unique MAC address for each virtual machine within a networked environment you have 2 choices. You can do it on the VM configuration level or you can do it on the guest level.
On the VM level you can do it via GUI or by editing your VMX file (just make sure that you unregister the VM from vCenter first, otherwise vCenter will overwrite the value) you go to Menu VM > Edit Settings > Network Adapter and you set the radio button on Manual. Then you can assign a static MAC address there between the authorised range by VMware. The MAC address range is:
00:50:56:00:00:00-00:50:56:3F:FF:FF
If in some rare cases you need to keep the same MAC as for exaple on your Physical server (for some software license files tightened to a MAC address for exemple), and the MAC adress is outside of the range, you have the possibility to do it inside of your Windows (linux) VM.
On the Windows VM you do it in the properties of your NIC:
Start the VM and in the Windows system go to Control panel > network connections > Properties
Click the Configure button and go to Advanced Tab where on selecting Locally administered value you are able to enter your own value.
And for linux VM you can try this:
ifconfig eth0 down
ifconfig eth0 hw ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
ifconfig eth0 up
There is reference webpage I found about MAC addresses ranges on VMware’s Website here. The page is is for VMware ESX Server 2.1, but it’s still valuable… There might be other resources on that, feel free to post a comment…
Source : www.vladan.fr Feeds
VMware Update manager does not scan hosts??? Disable Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration on Win2k8
- Go to Control Panel
- Add/Remove Programs,
- Add/Remove Windows Components on the left hand side
- Untick it from the drop down list
But for Windows Server 2008 I couldn’t find it anywhere in the features drop down lists which has replaced the Windows Components in Server 2008. Fortunately while on another Server 2008 server I noticed the place to disable it. In the Server Manager root page under the Security Information section is Configure IE ESC
Monday, April 12, 2010
Rename VMDK files – else you may have to experience Backup Problems
What if you end up with the same vmdk file name on different datastores?
A simple case scenario that can happens:
A single VM has several hard disk attached to it. The hard disk VMDK files are located on different datastores. When creating a new hard disk which location is on different datastore to a VM, the name given to this VMDK is the same as the first VMDK.
For exemple, you VM has a disk called TS01.vmdk which is located on DATASTORE1, and you create a second disk located on DATASTORE2. This disk takes the same name as the first one…. This is not a problem for VMware, but it is for third party backp products like Symantec Backup Exec 2010. In fact what happens to the backup job wanting to backup a VM like this? The VMDK is marked as a corrupted and the job fails, so it's impossible to restore either.
What's the solution? VMware KB had give me an simple answer what to do in the case like this. You'll have to use vmkfstools via command line to do the job. Don't worry, it's not difficult.
How to:
01. First, make sure that the VM has NO Snapshots. Then power down your VM go to menu Edit Settings.
On the next screen you just go to the hard disk you want to rename. Select the hard disk and click the remove button. The screen change and you have the possibility to check a radio button to delete the disk from datastore. Don't check this radio button. Otherwise your disk gets deleted..
02. Validate your choice on clicking OK.
03. Then you must connect to the console of the ESX server to which the datastore2 is attached to. Use putty or go directly to the server room.
04. Via putty navigate to the folder where the hard disk is located and execute following command:
vmkfstools -E <old_name> <new_name>
So in our case the command looks like this (I'm renaming from ts01.vmdk to ts01_2.vmdk):
vmkfstools -E ts01.vmdk ts01_2.vmdk
05. Then go to your VI client and add the renamed disk back to the virtual machine. In the Inventory browser by right clicking the datastore and where the VM is stored and select "Browse Datastore", select the folder of the VM than right click the vmx file and select "Add to Inventory".
This works fine for ESX 4, but to be able to use it with ESXi 4 you have several choices:
01. You can use the unsupported (Tech Support Mode) to get to the console of ESXi 4 since the CLI tools won't work for writing data in the free version of ESXi 4.
02. If your ESXi 4 is licensed with paid VMware License you can use PowerCLI or VMA to do the job.
Source : www.vladan.fr
Thursday, April 8, 2010
What is FAST? (Fully Automated Storage Tiering) at vBlock (by VMware, EMC, Cisco)
Now available for 3 Flavors (Celera, CX4, Symmetrix)
FAST approach is the Brand new at EMC,
which will automatically move the the LUNs as below..
High I/O LUN’s to Flash Drives (SSD Hdd’s)
Modest I/O LUN’s to F.C Drives
Least I/O LUN’s to SATA Drives
Here are some features, highlights of FAST and how it operates.
• FAST will perform data movement based on IOPS, average I/O size and write percentage.
This is currently true for the Symmetrix V-Max, Clariion CX4 and Celerra NS.
• Three elements that define FAST: Storage Type, FAST policies and Storage Groups.
• FAST is based on user defined -- configuration policies.
• The configuration of FAST is typically done through FAST wizards FAST LUN Migrator for Clariion CX4,
(Symmetrix Management Console) on Symmetrix V-Max and Rainfinity File Management Appliance or VE for Celerra NS.
NOTE: Out of the box thinking by EMC, imagine the flexibility one would have
with a large infrastructure and FAST moving data based on policy.
It’s all about the big picture.
FAST – EMC Hands on Demo
Source : www.storagenerve.com (Full Article Link below)
http://storagenerve.com/tag/vblock/
Wednesday, April 7, 2010
How to Decode MCE from PSOD (ESX dump) to identify the H/w Errors
Look for any MCE (Machine Check Error) in the PSOD screen to isolate H/w issues.
MCE errors are always indication of some H/w failure..
Decoding the MCE:
For AMD CPUs you can use MCAT utility to decode the MCE for you..
www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/utilities/mcatsetup.exe
For Intel CPUs you need to convert the MCE from
Hexadecimal to Binary and decode the error manually..
Watch the Video for how to decode the MCE for AMD Processors
Source : VMware KB - 1005184
Friday, April 2, 2010
VMware vCenter Mobile Access (vCMA) - Allow to Manage Vsphere Infrastructure from Mobie.. Yes, You heard it Right!
- Search for virtual machines in your data center
- Migrate virtual machines from one host to another using vMotion
- Execute recovery plans using VMware Site Recovery Manager
- Access Scheduled Tasks, Alarms and Events
Installation Procedure & Packaging
The vCenter Mobile Access server is packaged as a virtual appliance. The username/password on the appliance is root/vmware but console access should not be required. The root password should be changed after install.
Download the vCMA OVF distribution zip file from this link (the file is approximately 350 megabytes). The zip file contains the appliance OVF file and other system files.
Follow these steps to install the Mobile Access appliance:
1. Extract the zip file to a temporary directory, for example c:\temp. The files contained in the zip file include :
* vCenterMobileAccess-1.x.y.z.ovf
* system.vmdk
2. Launch the VI Client and log into your ESX box or vCenter instance.
3. In the inventory view, select the menu File-> Virtual Appliance -> Import…
4. Select the option “Import from file:” and browse to the OVF file, for example: c:\temp\vCenterMobileAccess-ovf\vCenterMobileAccess-1.0.0.10.ovf and follow the wizard next steps.
5. In the “End User License Agreement” page, read the license agreement completely and click on the “Accept all license agreements” and continue the steps.
6. In the “Name and Location” page, provide the name for your Virtual Machine.
7. Once the wizard completes, a virtual machine will be created. Select the virtual machine and power it on.
Open your local browser (http://IP Address of vCMA:5480)
On your mobile http:///vim
Once connected, you will see the login screen where you can provide the vCenter or ESX IP address or name as well as username and password.
Thursday, April 1, 2010
Feature Compare vSwitch 3.5, vSwitch 4.0, dVswitch 4.0, Cisco Nexus 1000
Simplify and Enhance Virtual Machine Networking
- Simplified provisioning and administration of virtual networking across many hosts and clusters through a centralized interface.
- Simplified end-to-end physical and virtual network management through third-party virtual switch extensions for the Cisco Nexus 1000V virtual switch.
- Enhanced provisioning and traffic management capabilities through private VLAN support and bi-directional virtual machine rate-limiting.
- Enhanced security and monitoring for virtual machines migrated via VMware VMotion through maintenance and migration of port runtime state.
Load-balancing Methods (I prefer to call Teaming Methods) --> 1) Originating Port ID Based 2) MAC Hash Based 3) IP Hash Based - Which is best, in real & what supports Actual Load Balance????
ESX offers 3 different methods for load balancing. However, not all methods are created equal, and only one method offers true load distribution. The 3 load-balancing methods include:
- Route based on the originating port ID (this is the default if not defined otherwise) - Also know as vSwitch port-based load-balancing, this method chooses an uplink based on the virtual port where the traffic entered the virtual switch.
- Route based on source MAC hash - This method chooses an uplink based on a hash of the source Ethernet address.
- Route based on IP hash - This method chooses an uplink based on a hash of the source and destination IP address of each packet.
Wednesday, March 31, 2010
Performance Monitoring of LUN, HBA, VM & for Which Threshold values, you should show concern
Configuring monitoring using esxtop
To monitor storage performance per HBA:
- Start esxtop by typing esxtop at the command line.
- Press d to switch to disk view (HBA mode).
- Press f to modify the fields that are displayed.
- Press b, c, d, e, h, and j to toggle the fields and press Enter.
- Press s, then 2 to alter the update time to every 2 seconds and press Enter.
- See Analyzing esxtop columns for a description of relevant columns.
VMware ESXi 4 Log Files
Source : /www.simonlong.co.uk/blog/
Like most VI Admins, I've been using VMware ESXi quite a lot more lately and I'm slowly coming across things that are different to how they are in ESX. Log files being one of these differences.
With the absence of the Service Console, ESXi presents a slightly different architecture. If you haven't yet read The Architecture of VMware ESXi, I would recommend having a good read through.
Here is the common log file structure in ESX (Source)
Click below --> "Read More" for Full Article (Log File Geometry & Snippets)..
Online Training - How to Configure VMware dvPortGroup + Cisco Switch + Private VLAN IDs + Trunking
- This presentation will lead you trough configuring VLAN IDs at both the vSphere environment and on the physical Cisco switch.
- You’ll get a good understanding of trunking on a Cisco switch and dvPortGroup Settings.
- At the end you’re able to configure a Cisco switch using Cisco’s Network Assistant and understand the different dvPortGroup Settings.
Online Training - Configure Private VLAN IDs from Eric Sloof NTPRO.NL on Vimeo.
Cool new HA feature coming up to prevent a split brain situation! in ESX 4 Update 2
Source - www.yellow-bricks.com
One of the most common issues experienced with VMware HA is a split brain situation. Although currently undocumented, vSphere has a detection mechanism for these situations. Even more important the upcoming release ESX 4.0 Update 2 will also automatically prevent Split Brain of H.A!First let me explain what a split brain scenario is, lets start with describing the situation which is most commonly encountered:
4 Hosts – iSCSI / NFS based storage – Isolation response: leave powered on
When one of the hosts is completely isolated, including the Storage Network, the following will happen:
Host ESX001 is completely isolated including the storage network(remember iSCSI/NFS based storage!) but the VMs will not be powered off because the isolation response is set to “leave powered on”. After 15 seconds the remaining, non isolated, hosts will try to restart the VMs. Because of the fact that the iSCSI/NFS network is also isolated the lock on the VMDK will time out and the remaining hosts will be able to boot up the VMs. When ESX001 returns from isolation it will still have the VMX Processes running in memory. This is when you will see a “ping-pong” effect within vCenter, in other words VMs flipping back and forth between ESX001 and any of the other hosts.
As of version 4.0 ESX(i) detects that the lock on the VMDK has been lost and issues a question if the VM should be powered off or not. Please note that you will(currently) only see this question if you directly connect to the ESX host. Below you can find a screenshot of this question.
With ESX 4 update 2 the question will be auto-answered though and the VM will be powered off to avoid the ping-pong effect and a split brain scenario! How cool is that…
Re-Connect NFS Datastore without Restarting ESX Host (in case NFS Physical connection is lost & restored)
(Ensure vmkping x.x.x.x) - where x.x.x.x is your NAS IP - is pinging
http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1005057
Another workaround - below
NFS is a great storage solution within a VMware vSphere environment. But when the connection to the NFS server is lost, you’re in big trouble. In most circumstances some virtual machines are still connected to the NFS Datastore and since it’s in use, you cannot delete and recreate it. I’ve tried this by using the vSphere Client and trough the command line but didn’t succeed. In the end there’s no other alternative than rebooting the ESX host, or is there… If you want to find out how to remount an NFS Datastore you may watch below video. By Eric Sloof
Actual Trick is - NFS data store IP was x.x.x.x, he created a host name (using /etc/hosts file or DNS or alias host name on DNS) to fool the vCenter, then added host name when adding NFS source. vCenter thinks it's getting NFS from different Source..
May be it's a little dragging video, wait till end of video to see the insight
Monday, March 29, 2010
How to troubleshoot Pink Screen on Death (PSOD) in ESX
VMware might not want to get into Blues like Microsoft much famed BSOD (Blue Screen on Death). So they named it as PSOD (Pink Screen on Death).. LOL..
As you know PSOD crash normally could have no shortcut to find the source of problem, VMware tried it's best to make to straight, possible PSOD causes as mentioned below
1) Hardware Faults
2) Host Faults
3) VMM Faults
4) Guest Operating System Faults
5) Application Faults
How to Capture the PSOD crash dump (By default PSOD dump is saved on /root)
1) type "vm-support" (on # Prompt) without any options. The utility will run and create a single Tar file that will be named "esx-xxxxxx.
2) Alternatively, you can generate the same file by using the VMware Infrastructure Client (VI Client). Select Administration, then Export Diagnostic Data, and select your host (VirtualCenter data optional) and a directory on your local PC to store the file that will be created.
Click below --> "Read More" for Full Article
How CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol) will benefit you to identify *** Which NIC connected to what External Device on ESX ***
This is a handy little trick, starting with version 3.5, VMware added support for Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) on the ESX Server vSwitches. CDP support is enabled on a vSwitch with this command:
Verify the current CDP setting for vSwitch2
ESX# esxcfg-vswitch -b vSwitch2
Both
Check CDP information on Physical Switch
Once CDP support is enabled on the vSwitch & physical switch - execute below command on Phy.Switch. Which will show the link between each physical switch port and the matching ESX Server NIC. The output will look something like this:
# show cdp neighbor
Capability Codes: R-Router, T-Trans Bridge, B-Source Route Bridge
As you can see in the output above, the CDP output clearly links the physical switch port and the ESX Server NIC. This makes it incredibly easy to identify the NICs in the server. This is particularly helpful in blade situations, since you can’t exactly unplug the NIC and see which one goes down with “esxcfg-nics -l” (a common approach to identifying the NICs in the server). Of course, this requires CDP switches in the blade chassis. Since the internal port mappings on the blade chassis determine which NICs connect to which ports, this command adds the mapping within ESX Server and lets us quickly and definitively identify the NICs in the server as seen by ESX Server.
Check CDP information in VI Client
Clicking this Call out icon (Green circle) brings up the switch port info you are seeking.
VMDK Related - Simple Stuff - but good to read & keep in mind
I was upgrading the memory in a Windows 2000 VM to 8GB, and had to alter the boot.ini to use more than 4GB. Unfortunately I was doing this remotely and during the save process my VPN died. When I rebooted the server I was faced with the dreaded ‘NTBTLDR.EXE is missing’.
VMware ThinApp (Formerly Thinstall) - Application Virtualization
Ex : Ms-Office is Conventional App - Requires Installation & Registry updates,
Ex : Putty.exe is Portable App - Portable app runs anywhere without actual
installation (may be from pen drive as well)
To make a straight cut, ThinApp will emulate Conventional Apps to
Portable Apps
VMware ThinApp is an application virtualization solution ThinApp is able to execute applications without them being installed in the traditional sense by virtualizing resources such as environment variables, files and Windows Registry keys. The virtual environment presented to the client is a merged view of the underlying physical and virtual resources, thereby allowing the virtualization layer to fool the application into thinking that it is running as if it were fully installed.
ThinApp Video Demo by VMware
All about VMware Data Recovery - Read on - Dont miss the video
Click below --> "Read More" for Full Article (Why VDR, Why not VDR & Demo Video)..
Sunday, March 28, 2010
Wow... Finally Up2date OS & Processor compatibility Matrix for VMware FT under one Umbrella - (Very crucial to sail with FT)
What I liked is - VMware keeps updating this KB article with latest Laundry List of H/w & S/w
Are you excited to know more on Brand new feature of VMware FT - Read my previous FT Blog - Click here
Need help on F.T implementation - reach me on HAIIAMPC at GMAIL dot com
Why VMware Tools (VM Tools) on Guest OS is "Very Important" - be aware of the Significance, read on..
- Drivers for Guest OS
- VmMemCtl - Memory Mgt Driver (Baloon mechanism)
- Heartbeat to Vcenter (Important for HA, DRS & FT)
- Guest OS Clock Sync from ESX (As Guest OS have Virtual Mother Board - no RTC. So, VM will Sync the time from ESX Host (Physical M.Brd RTC) Recommended to sync Guest OS time with ESX (Provided no Time Server on Guest OS)
- Mouse & Video Acceleration on Guest OS
This video details installing VMware Tools in a Linux guest operating system using RPM (Red Hat Package Manager). This video uses VMware ESX 4.0, but the same basic steps apply to other products. The guest operating system in this video is CentOS, but the steps can be used in any Linux distribution that supports RPM.
How to install VMware Tools in a Linux virtual machine using RPM Method
(If you require help on Compile Method / for Novell Netware - reach me on HAIIAMPC at GMAIL dot COM)
